Why do you need tables of cutting speeds?
In metal cutting, choosing the right speed is crucial to achieving the best quality end product. An incorrect speed can not only affect the quality of the machined material, but also shorten the tool life. To ensure that the correct speed is selected, speed tables are an indispensable tool in metal cutting.
Users often have to deal with particularly hard materials and tight tolerances. Speed tables can help to meet these requirements by providing specific recommendations for different materials. For example, hard materials such as stainless steel and Hardox require a lower speed than softer materials such as aluminum or copper.
What is a cutting speed table?
Speed tables are a collection of recommendations for the speed at which a particular material should be machined with a particular tool. These recommendations are based on practical experience and tests and are provided by tool manufacturers and other experts.
Ultimately, the speed is calculated using a formula: (cutting speed x 1,000) / (diameter (d) x Pi (π))
The speed tables usually contain information on the speed and tool diameters, the feed rate and the tool type such as drills, burs, countersinks etc. and the various materials that can be machined.
The table then gives the recommended speed for each tool for each material. This helps the user to find the right speed for each material and thus achieve the best results.
Most speed tables are divided into different categories, depending on the type of tool and the materials to be machined. Specific values for cutting speed and rotational speed are then given for each category. Typical categories are, for example, HSS tools (high-speed steel), carbide tools, inserts or drills.
Determining the optimum cutting speed
The correct speed depends on a number of factors, including the depth of cut and diameter of the workpiece, as well as the type and material of the tool. Speed tables provide clear guidance on which speed is best for each combination of these factors.
Why are tables for cutting speeds important?
A speed table is important because it helps to ensure that the tools can be operated optimally. If the speed is too high, this can lead to premature wear of the tool or even damage to the workpiece.
If the speed is too low, this can lead to an uneven surface of the workpiece or the tool getting stuck in the material. By using a speed table, you can ensure that you use the correct speed for the material and the tool and thus achieve optimum results.
Prevention of tool wear and damage
An incorrect speed can cause tool wear or damage. If the speed is too high, the tool may break or become blunt. If it is too low, the tool can get stuck in the workpiece or result in an uneven surface.
Improved efficiency and quality
The use of speed tables can also lead to improved efficiency and quality. If the workpiece is machined more evenly and precisely, waste of material and time is avoided. This allows you to increase your productivity and achieve higher quality end products at the same time.
More safety through cutting speed tables
Another important aspect when selecting the speed is safety. Too high a speed can not only lead to premature wear of the tool, but also to dangerous accidents. Careful selection of the speed is essential, especially for large workpieces or sensitive materials.
How do you read a cutting speed table?
A speed table can seem a little complicated at first glance, but it's actually quite easy to read. Here are some important things to look out for:
1. Tool type
First, you need to select the type of tool you will be using. Most speed tables contain information on different types of tools such as drills, burs, countersinks, tapping, etc.
2. Material
Next, you need to select the material you want to machine. Most speed tables contain information on a variety of materials such as steel, aluminum, copper, etc.
3. Diameter
Most speed tables also specify the diameter of the tool. The larger the diameter of the tool, the lower the speed should be.
4. Cutting speed (Vc = m/min)
The speed table indicates the recommended cutting speed for the material and tool type. This is the speed at which the tool cuts through the material.
5. Speed (rpm)
Finally, the speed table indicates the recommended speed (revolutions per minute) for the material and tool type. This is the speed at which the tool rotates.
By selecting the right speed, the tool life can be extended, the machining time reduced, the surface quality improved and accidents avoided.
It is important to note that the speed tables are only recommendations and that there can always be some variation in the results. Therefore, you should use the recommended speeds as a starting point and then make adjustments depending on the machining results. The exact values may vary depending on machine type, lubricants and other factors.
Cutting speed tables from RUKO
Speed tables are usually available in machine manuals or online. It is advisable to check this information regularly and adjust it if necessary to ensure efficient and safe metal cutting.
We have compiled a list of speed tables as a PDF for our precision tools:
- Table of cutting speeds for core drills
- Table of cutting speeds for hole saws
- Table of cutting speeds for rotary burrs
- Table of cutting speeds for special drills
- Table of cutting speeds for step drills
- Table of cutting speeds for taper and deburring countersinkers
- Table of cutting speeds for tube and sheet drills
- Table of cutting speeds for twist drills
Summary and conclusion
Overall, speed tables are an indispensable tool for anyone working in metal cutting. They provide information on the right speed for the tool and material and can help to extend tool life, reduce machining time and improve surface quality.
However, speed tables should always be regarded as a guide and individual circumstances should be taken into account. Careful planning of the speed is essential to ensure efficient and safe metal cutting.